Registered in	United Kingdom
Regulatory status	FCA, ASIC, FSA, NFA, FMA, MAS and DFSA, AMF
Year(s) of incorporation	More than 20 years
Market instruments	Forex, Indices, Shares, CommoditiesCryptocurrencies, Bonds, ETFs, OptionsIndustry sectors, Interest rates
Minimum initial deposit	$250
Maximum leverage	1:200
Minimum spread	1 pips for EURUSD
Demo accounts	Available
Trading platform	Intuitive web platform, MetaTrader 4, L2 dealer and mobile apps
Deposit and withdrawal methods	Credit/debit cards, bank transfer
Customer Service	E-mail/phone number/address/live chat
Fraud allegations	Yes

Here is an official video from the company.

It is important to note that the information provided in this review may be subject to change due to the constant updating of the company's services and policies. In addition, the date on which this review was generated may also be an important factor to consider, as information may have changed since then. Therefore, readers are advised to always verify updated information directly with the company before making any decision or taking any action. Responsibility for the use of the information provided in this review rests solely with the reader.

In this review, if there is a conflict between the image and the text content, the text content should prevail. However, we recommend that you open the official website for further consultation.

Pros and Cons of IG

Pros:

• Wide variety of markets and instrument options.

• Intuitive and customizable trading platforms.

• Access to advanced technical analysis and charting tools.

• Multilingual, multi-channel customer service.

• Demo account with virtual financing of $20,000.

• There is no minimum deposit requirement for real accounts.

• It offers leverage of up to 1:200.

Cons:

• Fees and costs may not be clearly specified on the website.

• Information on account types is limited.

• There are not many educational resources available on the website.

• The withdrawal of funds is not clearly specified.

• The minimum transaction amount may be high for some markets.

• No welcome bonuses or promotions are offered.

• Credit card deposit fees can be high compared to other brokers.

What type of broker is IG？

Dimension	Advantages	Disadvantages
Broker Model	IG offers tight spreads and fast execution due to its Market Making model.	As a counterparty to its clients' operations, IG has a potential conflict of interest that may lead to decisions that are not in the best interest of the clients.

IG is a Market Making (MM) broker, which means that it acts as a counterparty to its clients in trading operations. That is, instead of connecting directly to the market, IG acts as an intermediary and takes the opposite position to its clients. As such, it can offer faster order execution speed, tighter spreads and greater flexibility in terms of offering leverage. However, this also means that IG has a certain conflict of interest with their clients, as their profits come from the difference between the bid and ask price of assets, which could lead to them making decisions that are not necessarily in the best interest of their clients. It is important for traders to be aware of this dynamic when trading with IG or any other MM broker.

General Information and Regulatory Status

IG is a UK-registered company and regulated by multiple international financial bodies, including the FCA, ASIC, FSA, NFA, FMA, MAS and DFSA. It offers access to a wide variety of financial instruments, including currencies, indices, cryptocurrencies, stocks and commodities, with over 18,000 markets available. The company provides multiple trading platforms, including an intuitive web platform, MetaTrader 4, L2 dealer and mobile apps. It also offers multilingual customer support through various channels, including telephone, email, social media and online chat.

In the following article, we will analyze the characteristics of this broker in all its dimensions, offering you easy and well-organized information. If you are interested, read on.

Market Instruments

Advantages	Disadvantages
Wide variety of trading instruments	Too many instruments can be overwhelming for some
Possibility to diversify the investment portfolio	Increased knowledge and skill is required to operate
Opportunities to take advantage of different conditions	There may be more risk due to exposure to different markets
Access to a wide range of international markets	Increased complexity in position and risk management

IG offers access to more than 17,000 markets, covering Forex, Indices, Shares, Commodities, Cryptocurrencies, Bonds, ETFs, Options, Industry sectors, Interest rates, and more. This dimension is an advantage for traders as it provides them with a wide variety of instruments to trade and allows them to diversify their investment portfolio. In addition, this wide selection of instruments allows traders to take advantage of different market conditions and opportunities. However, a possible disadvantage of this dimension is that it can be overwhelming for some traders, as it requires greater knowledge and skill to trade in different markets. In addition, exposure to different markets can increase the risk of a portfolio, requiring more complex position and risk management.

Spreads and Commissions

Advantages	Disadvantages
- Spreads are quite competitive. - Spreads can be viewed on the website.	- There is not much information available on commissions. - Costs may be higher in less liquid markets or with lower trading volume.

In terms of costs, IG offers competitive and transparent spreads, with the average spread for EUR/USD being one pip. However, there is not much information available on commissions, which may create uncertainty for some traders. In addition, it is important to note that costs may be higher in less liquid markets or with lower trading volume. Overall, IG appears to offer a reasonable and competitive cost structure compared to other brokers.

Trading Accounts Available at IG

IG's demo account is a very useful tool for beginner traders, as it allows them to trade in a safe and risk-free environment. With IG's virtual funding of $20,000, traders can practice and hone their trading skills without risking their capital. In addition, the IG demo account provides access to the trading platform and all the instruments and tools available in the live account, allowing traders to familiarize themselves with the platform and test different trading strategies. Overall, the IG demo account is an excellent tool for beginner traders to gain experience and confidence in trading before investing their own capital.

Advantages	Disadvantages
Demo accounts available	Lack of detailed information on account types on the website
Single account for all customers	It can be difficult for new customers to choose a suitable account without detailed information.
Access to all of IG's financial instruments

IG offers a single live account for its clients and the minimum deposit required is $250. Aside from live accounts, demo accounts are also available.

Operating Platform Offered by IG

Advantages	Disadvantages
Easy-to-use intuitive web platform	Web platform may be less customizable than other platforms
Offering MetaTrader 4, a popular and well-known platform	MetaTrader 5, the latest version of the platform, is not offered.
L2 Dealer offers a wide range of advanced tools and functionalities for experienced traders.	L2 Dealer can be more complicated for beginner traders
Mobile apps available for iOS and Android	Mobile apps may be less customizable than the web platform
Wide selection of platforms to meet the needs of different types of traders	No proprietary trading platform exclusive to IG is offered.

IG offers a variety of trading platforms to meet the needs of different types of traders. The web-based platform is intuitive and easy to use, although it may be less customizable than other platforms. They also offer MetaTrader 4, a popular and well-known platform in the forex industry. For experienced traders, L2 Dealer offers a wide range of advanced tools and functionalities. However, this platform can be more complicated for beginner traders. Mobile apps are available for iOS and Android, allowing traders to trade on the go. Overall, the selection of platforms offered by IG is an advantage for traders, although some may find the lack of an IG-exclusive trading platform a disadvantage.

Maximum IG Leverage

Advantages	Disadvantages
Allows traders to increase their earning potential with limited capital	Leverage also increases the risk of significant losses
Possibility of accessing larger markets without having to deposit large amounts of capital	Novice traders may have difficulty understanding and managing leverage properly.
Opportunity to diversify the investment portfolio by trading in several markets with different levels of leverage	Leverage can increase psychological pressure on traders, which can affect their decision making.
Facilitates the possibility of profiting from small market movements	Traders can lose more than what they initially invested if they do not properly manage leverage and the associated risks.

As for the maximum leverage dimension at IG, the company offers a maximum leverage of up to 1:200. This means that traders can open positions that are 200 times larger than their available capital. Leverage can be a powerful tool for experienced traders, as it allows them to earn higher profits with limited capital. However, it can also significantly increase the risk of loss and it is important that traders fully understand the risks and limitations of leverage before using it. Overall, IG's maximum leverage is comparable to that of other online brokers and may be suitable for those seeking greater buying power in the market.

Deposit and Withdrawal: Methods and Fees

Advantages	Disadvantages
Wide variety of deposit methods	No detailed information on withdrawals is provided
Free deposits with Visa and Mastercard debit cards	Commissions on credit card deposits
Bank transfers accepted	There are no other methods such as skrill, neteller, perfect money, etcetera.

IG offers several methods for depositing funds, including debit and credit cards, as well as wire transfers to your HSBC and Standard Chartered Bank accounts. No minimum deposit is required and debit card deposits are free of charge. However, fees of 1% are charged on Visa deposits and 0.5% on Mastercard deposits. Unfortunately, there is no detailed information on withdrawal of funds, which may be a drawback for some customers. Overall, the variety of deposit options is positive, although the costs associated with credit card deposits should be carefully considered.

IG Educational Reaources

Unlike other online brokers, IG seems to offer a limited amount of educational resources on its website. Although a news and analysis section can be found, as well as an economic calendar, there are not many online resources to help traders learn and improve their trading skills. It is important to note that despite this, IG has a long history and experience in the financial market, which can be of great help to experienced traders looking for a reliable and solid platform to conduct their trades. However, for new and inexperienced traders, they may need to seek additional educational resources elsewhere to enhance their understanding of the financial markets and develop effective trading skills.

IG Customer Service

Customer service is an important dimension for any business and in the case of IG, this company offers a variety of options for contacting them. Customers can communicate via phone, email, social media and online chat, which offers great flexibility and convenience for users. In addition, customer service is available in multiple languages, which is a great advantage for international customers. Overall, IG seems to have placed adequate emphasis on customer service, which is important to ensure customer satisfaction and maintain a good reputation in the financial market.

Conclusion

In conclusion, IG is a well-established and regulated trading platform that offers a wide variety of financial instruments, an intuitive web platform and access to MetaTrader 4 and L2 Dealer. Although its demo account offers generous virtual funding, information on live accounts is limited. Multilingual customer service is available through multiple channels. However, the lack of educational resources and limited information on withdrawals are areas where they could improve. Overall, IG is a solid choice for traders looking for a regulated platform with a wide selection of instruments and a reliable trading platform.

Frequently Asked Questions about IG

• Question: What is the minimum deposit required to open an account with IG？

• Answer: There is no minimum deposit requirement to open an account with IG.

• Question: What deposit methods are accepted on IG？

• Answer: IG accepts deposits through debit cards, credit cards and bank transfers.

• Question: What is the maximum leverage offered by IG？

• Answer: IG offers a maximum leverage of up to 1:200 on certain financial instruments.

• Question: How can I contact IG customer service？

• Answer: You can contact IG customer service by phone, email, online chat or social media.

• Question: What trading platforms does IG offer？

• Answer: IG offers an intuitive web platform, MetaTrader 4, L2 Dealer and mobile applications.

• Question: What is the average spread for EUR/USD at IG？

• Answer: The average spread for EUR/USD is one pip.

• Question: Does IG offer educational resources for traders？

• Answer: They offer a variety of live webinars and educational content on their YouTube channel.

STARTRADER	Basic Information
Registered Country/Region	Seychelles
Founded	10-15 years
Regulation	FCA, FSA (Offshore), FSCA (General registration)
Tradable Instruments	35+ currency pairs, 70+ stocks, 20+ commodities, 20+ indices
Account Types	Standard, ECN
Demo Accounts	Yes
Maximum Leverage	1:500
Spreads	From 0.1 pips
Trading Platforms	MT4, MT5, COPY TRADE, WEB TRADER
Trading Tools	VPS, Economic Calendar, News Room
Minimum Deposit	$50
Deposit & Withdrawal	Bank Wire Transfer, Visa/MasterCard, Sticpay, PerfectMoney, Skrill, Neteller, etc.
Educational Resources	Knowledge Center, Webinars
Customer Support	24/5 live chat, online messaging, email: INFO@STARTRADER.COM, social media

*Please note that the information in this table is subject to change and you should always refer to the broker's official website for the most up-to-date information.

Overview of STARTRADER

STARTRADER is a forex broker that offers trading services for 200+ financial instruments, including forex currency pairs, commodities such as gold and oil, indices such as the S&P 500, and more.

The broker offers two different types of trading accounts, that is Standard and ECN accounts, each with its own unique features and benefits, a minimum deposit of $50 is required to start trading on the platform.

STARTRADER offers multiple trading platforms, including MT4, MT5, as well as COPY TRADE as well as WEB TRADER. These platforms include advanced charting tools, real-time quotes, and a range of technical analysis indicators to help traders make informed decisions. The platform also offers one-click trading, hedging capabilities, and the ability to set stop-loss and take-profit orders.

The broker offers leverage up to 1:500 and competitive spreads starting from 0.1 pips. STARTRADER also provides traders with educational resources, market analysis, and a customer support team that is available 24/5 to assist with any queries or issues.

In the following article, we will analyze the characteristics of this broker from various aspects, providing you with simple and organized information. If you are interested, please read on. We will also briefly summarize the main advantages and disadvantages so that you can understand the broker's characteristics at a glance.

Is STARTRADER Legit or a Scam？

STARTRADER has three entities under regulation:

Startrader Pro Limited is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) under regulatory license number: 600837.

STARTRADER Limited is offshore regulated by the Seychelles Financial Services Authority (FSA) under regulatory license number SD049.

STARTRADER INTERNATIONAL PTY LTD is generally registered by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) under regulatory license number 52464.

These regulatory bodies typically require brokers to follow strict operational guidelines intended to protect traders.

Further adding to the broker's credibility is its employment of security measures like segregated client accounts, which refers to the practice of keeping client funds separate from the company's operating funds. It also guarantees negative balance protection, preventing clients from losing more than their account balance. The use of SSL encryption technology ensures secure data transfer.

All these factors suggest that STARTRADER is not a scam and can be considered a legit broker.

However, it's crucial for traders to conduct their due diligence. This includes understanding the broker's terms and conditions and researching online reviews to gain a comprehensive understanding of other traders' experiences with the broker.

Pros & Cons

STARTRADER is a Seychelles-based forex broker that offers a wide range of tradable instruments, and generous leverage up to 1:500. The broker also provides multiple trading platforms with advanced charting tools and technical analysis indicators, as well as educational resources for traders.

However, there are some potential downsides, such as regional restrictions and limited account types offered.

Pros	Cons
Regulated by FCA	Regional restrictions
A good range of tradable instruments	Limited account types offered
Competitive spreads starting from 0.1 pips	Limited payment methods for deposits and withdrawals
Multiple trading platforms	No clear information on the minimum deposit for each accounts
Educational resources available	Limited research tools and market analysis
No commissions charged on trades	No 24/7 customer support
Demo account available for testing	No Islamic account
No deposit fees
Low minimum deposit ($50)
STP & ECN accounts to choose from
Negative balance protection provided

Market Intruments

STARTRADER offers 200+ market instruments for traders to choose from, providing ample opportunities for traders to invest and diversify their portfolios.

• Forex: STARTRADER offers over 35 currency pairs, including major, minor, and exotic currency pairs for forex trading, including EUR/USD, GBP/USD, USD/JPY, and AUD/CAD, among others.

• Metals: This typically includes trading in commodities like gold, silver, platinum, and palladium.

• Indices: They also provide more than 20 indices, tracking various segments of the financial markets, both globally and regionally.

• Shares: The broker also provides access to over 70 different stocks, allowing traders to take a position on a wide range of companies across various sectors.

• Commodities: STARTRADER offers more than 20 commodities, providing an opportunity for traders to engage in the trading of both soft (like wheat, cocoa, or coffee) and hard commodities (like gold, oil, or natural gas).

This mix of offerings gives traders ample choices for diversifying their portfolios and opportunities to take advantage of different market conditions. However, it's essential to fully understand each instrument's characteristics and risks and to develop a suitable strategy based on one's trading objectives and risk tolerance.

Account Types

Apart from demo accounts, STARTRADER offers two primary live account types, catering to traders with different levels of experience and trading strategies.

The Standard account is designed for traders who prefer fixed spreads, and is well-suited for beginners or traders who prefer a simpler trading experience. This account type offers spreads from 1.3 pips and leverage up to 1:500, with no minimum deposit disclosed. Additionally, traders can access a wide range of tradable instruments, including forex, commodities, indices, cryptocurrencies, and shares.

The ECN account, on the other hand, is tailored to more experienced traders who require a more sophisticated trading experience. This account type offers variable spreads and allows traders to access the interbank market, which can provide greater liquidity and potentially tighter spreads. Traders can also take advantage of the advanced trading platform provided by STARTRADER, which features advanced charting tools, technical analysis indicators, and more. The ECN account also offers competitive leverage up to 1:500, with no minimum deposit disclosed.

When choosing an account type, traders should carefully consider their trading objectives, risk tolerance, and overall experience in the markets.

How to Open an Account？

Opening an account with STARTRADER is a straightforward and easy process that can be completed in just a few simple steps.

Step 1: First, visit the STARTRADER website and click on the “REGISTER” button. You will be prompted to fill out a registration form, which requires you to provide some personal information, such as email address and password.

Step 2: Next, you will need to provide some additional information, such as your preferred account type (Standard or ECN), currency preference, and trading platform preference.

Step 3: After completing the registration form, you will be asked to verify your email address by clicking on a link sent to your email inbox. You will then need to provide proof of identity and address by uploading a copy of your government-issued ID and a recent utility bill or bank statement.

Step 4: Once your account is approved, you can fund your account and start trading immediately. STARTRADER supports a range of payment methods, including Bank Wire Transfer, Visa/MasterCard, Sticpay, PerfectMoney, Skrill, Neteller, and more.

Leverage

TARTRADER offers a maximum trading leverage of up to 1:500, depending on the account type and the instrument being traded. For Standard account holders, the maximum leverage available is 1:500, which is still relatively high compared to other brokers in the industry. For ECN account holders, the maximum leverage available is also 1:500.

While leverage can magnify potential profits, it can also increase the risks associated with trading. Traders should always use leverage responsibly and consider their risk tolerance and trading strategy before choosing a leverage level.

Spreads & Commissions (Trading Fees)

While STARTRADER does offer transparent trading fees, the exact commission charges for ECN accounts may vary depending on the instrument being traded and other factors such as account activity.

For Standard accounts, there are no commissions charged on trades made through the account. Instead, the broker makes money through the spread, which is the difference between the bid and ask price of a financial instrument. The spreads offered by this broker are 1.3 pips.

For ECN accounts, the spreads offered by the broker are typically lower, starting from as low as 0.1 pips. However, traders are charged a commission on each trade.

While the commission charges are not specifically outlined on the broker's website, STARTRADER does offer a transparent fee structure and provides traders with real-time information on the spreads and commissions applicable to their trades. Traders can also access detailed trading reports that provide a breakdown of their trading costs and fees.

Non-Trading Fees

In addition to trading fees, STARTRADER also charges non-trading fees, which traders should be aware of when considering trading with the broker.

One of the non-trading fees charged by STARTRADER is an inactivity fee. If an account remains inactive for a period of 90 days, a fee of $10 will be charged each month until the account becomes active again.

Another non-trading fee charged by the broker is a withdrawal fee. For each withdrawal made, STARTRADER charges a fee of 1% of the withdrawal amount, with a minimum fee of $30 and a maximum fee of $500.

STARTRADER also charges a fee for currency conversion. If a trader deposits funds in a currency other than the base currency of their account, the broker will convert the funds to the base currency at the current exchange rate and charge a fee of 2% of the converted amount.

Trading Platforms

STARTRADER caters to the diverse trading needs of its clients by offering them access to three distinct trading platforms: the widely popular and extensively-used MetaTrader 4 (MT4), its newer and more sophisticated version, MetaTrader 5 (MT5), and its proprietary WebTrader platform, which is a browser-based trading platform designed to provide traders with easy access to the financial markets from any device with an internet connection.

MT4 is renowned for its advanced technical analysis tools, algorithmic trading capabilities, and high-speed trade execution, making it a favored platform amongst traders of all experience levels. It offers traders an array of features, such as customizable charting, real-time quotes, and a vast selection of technical indicators.

MT5, on the other hand, is the latest version of the MetaTrader platform, offering even more advanced features and capabilities, including enhanced charting and analytical tools, multi-currency support, and a more extensive selection of timeframes. It is also designed to support additional types of assets such as stocks and futures, providing traders with greater market diversity.

STARTRADER's proprietary WebTrader platform, meanwhile, is a web-based trading platform that allows traders to access their trading accounts from anywhere in the world, providing them with the flexibility and convenience of trading on-the-go. It offers traders a wide range of tools, including real-time quotes, charting tools, and technical analysis indicators, while also providing a user-friendly interface that is easy to navigate.

The following is a comparison table prepared, highlighting the trading platforms offered by STARTRADER, INFINOX, CPT Markets, and Eightcap:

Broker	Trading Platforms
STARTRADER	MT4, MT5, WebTrader
INFINOX	MT4, MT5, IXO Platform
CPT Markets	MT4, Sirix WebTrader, CPT Markets GO
Eightcap	MT4, MT5, WebTrader

Copy Trade

STARTRADER's offering of a copy trading feature is great for traders who prefer to capitalize on the expertise of successful traders. Copy trading allows traders to directly copy the positions opened and managed by another selected trader. Hence, when the copied trader makes a trade, the same trade is automatically executed in the copying trader's account.

This can be particularly beneficial for novice traders who are still learning the ropes or people who don't have the time to study and monitor the markets consistently. It provides a form of passive management and can be a way to learn and understand more about trading strategies in real-time.

However, it's crucial to remember that all trading involves risks and just because a trader was successful in the past does not guarantee they will be in the future. Always practice risk management and ensure to align copy trading actions with your risk tolerance and financial goals.

Trading Tools

STARTRADER offers a suite of impressive trading tools that contribute towards a comprehensive and efficient trading experience.

They provide a Virtual Private Server (VPS) service which allows traders to run automated algorithmic strategies continuously 24/7 on a virtual machine, facilitating more robust connectivity and faster order execution.

Their economic calendar is a vital tool for fundamental analysis, helping traders track important economic events that have the potential to impact financial markets. This can be beneficial for planning trades and managing risk.

In addition, their news room serves as a source for real-time market news, keeping traders updated about significant developments that can cause market volatility.

These three essential tools offered by STARTRADER reflect their commitment to providing their customers with resources that help to enhance their trading strategies and overall trading experience.

Deposit & Withdrawal

STARTRADER supports a variety of deposit and withdrawal methods for its clients, with a minimum deposit requirement of $50. The broker allows deposits via several methods, including Bank Wire Transfer, Visa/MasterCard, Sticpay, PerfectMoney, Skrill, Neteller, and more. There are zero deposit fees on most payment methods.

Deposits made via bank wire transfer can take 3-5 business days to clear, while deposits made via other methods are typically processed instantly. For withdrawals, clients can use the same methods as for deposits, with processing times varying depending on the chosen method.

To withdraw funds, you should log to “My account” with your username and password. Initiate the request to withdraw funds. Here are some important notifications you should notice when withdrawing funds:

Educational Resources

STARTRADER offers some educational resources designed to help traders improve their knowledge and skills in the Forex and CFD markets. These resources include webinars and a knowledge center.

The educational webinars are conducted by market experts who provide traders with insights and analysis on a range of topics, from technical analysis to risk management. The webinars are designed to help traders stay up to date with market developments and make informed trading decisions.

In addition to webinars, STARTRADER also provides traders with a knowledge center, which includes some educational materials such as e-books, videos, and tutorials. These materials are aimed at traders of all levels, from beginners to advanced traders, and cover a wide range of topics such as trading strategies, market analysis, and risk management.

Customer Service

STARTRADER offers 24/5 customer support through a variety of channels, including live chat, email: INFO@STARTRADER.COM and a contact form on their website, as well as social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube, Tiktok and Telegram.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q 1:	Is STARTRADER regulated well？
A 1:	Yes. It is regulated by FCA.

Q 2:	At STARTRADER, are there any regional restrictions for traders？
A 2:	Yes. It is not available for Afghanistan, Cuba, Eritrea, Iraq, Islamic Republic of Iran, Israel, Liberia, Libya, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Somalia, Syrian Arab Republic, Sudan, United States or any other jurisdiction where such distribution, publication, availability or use would be contrary to applicable law or regulation.

Q 3:	Does STARTRADER offer demo accounts？
A 3:	Yes. It offers demo accounts for testing.

Q 4:	What is the maximum leverage offered by STARTRADER？
A 4:	The maximum leverage offered by STARTRADER is up to 1:500.

Q 5:	Does STARTRADER offer industry leading MT4 & MT5？
A 5:	Yes. STARTRADER offers MetaTrader4 (MT4), MetaTrader5 (MT5), and its proprietary WebTrader platform.

Q 6:	What is the minimum deposit for STARTRADER？
A 6:	$50.

Risk Warning

Online trading involves significant risk, and you may lose all of your invested capital. It is not suitable for all traders or investors. Please ensure that you understand the risks involved and note that the information provided in this review may be subject to change due to the constant updating of the company's services and policies.

In addition, the date on which this review was generated may also be an important factor to consider, as information may have changed since then. Therefore, readers are advised to always verify updated information directly with the company before making any decision or taking any action. Responsibility for the use of the information provided in this review rests solely with the reader.